Em linguagem C uma string é um vetor de caracteres,
não esquecendo, de adicionar o terminador nulo,
que é obrigação do programador.
Formalmente usa-se aspas simples com barra invertida mais zero:'\0'.
Na declaração de um vetor de caracteres, que pode ser qualquer string,
sempre usamos o seguinte formato: char nome_da_string [ tamanho ];
Sendo assim, devemos na hora da declaração acrescentar um caractere
a mais sobre o comprimento da string.
Este código apresenta uma matriz de string, e um punhado de códigos
simples para mostrarmos a quantidade de cada um dos caracteres encontrado,
numa matriz de string, mostramos cuidadosamente ainda os espaços e
caracteres acentuados observe primeiro na imagem.
Veja abaixo imagens do programa em execução:
Veja abaixo o código do programa:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void Janela5 ( ) {
system ( "Color F0" );
int lin, col;
for ( lin = 0; lin <= 25; lin++ ) {
for ( col = 0; col <= 80; col++ ) {
gotoxy ( col, lin );
if ( lin == 2 ) {
textbackground ( LIGHTBLUE );
printf ( " " );
}
if ( col == 1 ) {
textbackground ( LIGHTBLUE );
printf ( " " );
}
if ( lin == 25 ) {
textbackground ( LIGHTBLUE );
}
if ( col == 80 ) {
textbackground ( LIGHTBLUE );
printf ( " " );
}
}
}
textbackground ( BLACK );
}
void inicio ( ) {
system ( "title MATRIZ : CONTANDO
VOGAIS CONSOANTES E ESPAÇOS" );
int i;
do {
Janela5 ( );
textbackground ( WHITE );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
gotoxy ( 21, 7 );
printf ( "MATRIZ :
CONTANDO VOGAIS CONSOANTES E ESPAÇOS" );
textcolor ( BROWN );
gotoxy ( 25, 10 );
printf ( "Programa
desenvolvido por:" );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 52, 10 );
printf ( "Samuel
Lima" );
textcolor ( BLUE );
gotoxy ( 34, 12 );
printf ( "sa_sp10@hotmail.com" );
textcolor ( LIGHTBLUE );
gotoxy ( 24, 14 );
printf ( "DIGITE PARA SAIR OU PARA CONTINUAR " );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
gotoxy ( 32, 14 );
printf ( "1" );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
gotoxy ( 47, 14 );
printf ( "2" );
gotoxy ( 41, 16 );
scanf ( "%d", &i );
fflush ( stdin );
if ( i == 1 ) {
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
gotoxy ( 35, 20 );
printf ( "MUITO
OBRIGADO" );
Sleep ( 1800 );
exit ( 0 );
}
if ( i == 2 ) {
system ( "cls" );
return;
} else {
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
gotoxy ( 37, 20 );
printf ( "\aOPÇÃO
ERRADA" );
Sleep ( 1800 );
system ( "cls" );
}
} while ( i );
}
int main ( ) {
inicio ( );
textbackground ( WHITE );
char ch = 0;
int totvogmi = 0, totvogma = 0, totacet = 0, totced = 0, totcon = 0,
totcar = 0;
int j, w, x, y = 0, et = 0, ced = 0, ced01 = 0, a = 0, e = 0, i = 0, o = 0,
u = 0, A = 0, E = 0, I = 0, O = 0, U = 0, a0 = 0, a01 = 0, a02 = 0,
a03 = 0, e01 = 0, e02 = 0, i01 = 0, o01 = 0, o02 = 0, o03 = 0, u01 =
0, u02 = 0, A0 = 0, A01 = 0, A02 = 0, A03 = 0, E01 = 0,
E02 = 0, I01 = 0, O01 = 0, O02 = 0, O03 = 0, U01 = 0, U02 = 0;
char Vet [ 16 ];
char matriz [ 11 ] [ 16 ] = { { "João Eugênio" }, { "Átila
Antônio" }, {
"Irene Patrícia" }, { "Mônica
Simões" }, { "Ester Büeno" }, {
"Graça Núbia" }, { "Fábio Júnior" }, { "Ozéias
Gonçalo" }, {
"Lúcia Píres" }, { "Ulisses Ângelo" }, { "Ítalo
Guimarães" } };
system ( "cls" );
Janela5 ( );
textbackground ( WHITE );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
gotoxy ( 20, 3 );
printf ( "MATRIZ : CONTANDO VOGAIS
CONSOANTES E ESPAÇOS" );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
gotoxy ( 9, 5 );
printf ( "Nomes da Matriz" );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
gotoxy ( 36, 5 );
printf ( "Cada linha" );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
gotoxy ( 52, 5 );
printf ( "Conteúdo da Matriz" );
for ( w = 0; w < 11; w++ ) {
gotoxy ( 5, w + 7 );
textcolor ( BLACK );
for ( j = 0; j < 16; j++ ) {
printf ( "
%c", matriz [ w ] [ j ] );
Vet [ y ] = matriz [ w ] [ j ];
y++;
}
x = 11 * 16;
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d
", strlen ( matriz [ w ] ) );
textcolor ( LIGHTBLUE );
printf ( "letras" );
totcar += strlen ( matriz [ w ] );
}
for ( y = 0; y < x; y++ ) {
ch = Vet [ y ];
if ( ch == 'a' )
a++;
if ( ch == 'e' )
e++;
if ( ch == 'i' )
i++;
if ( ch == 'o' )
o++;
if ( ch == 'u' )
u++;
if ( ch == 'A' )
A++;
if ( ch == 'E' )
E++;
if ( ch == 'I' )
I++;
if ( ch == 'O' )
O++;
if ( ch == 'U' )
U++;
if ( ch == 'à' )
a0++;
if ( ch == 'á' )
a01++;
if ( ch == 'ã' )
a02++;
if ( ch == 'â' )
a03++;
if ( ch == 'é' )
e01++;
if ( ch == 'ê' )
e02++;
if ( ch == 'í' )
i01++;
if ( ch == 'ó' )
o01++;
if ( ch == 'õ' )
o02++;
if ( ch == 'ô' )
o03++;
if ( ch == 'ú' )
u01++;
if ( ch == 'ü' )
u02++;
if ( ch == 'À' )
A0++;
if ( ch == 'Ã' )
A01++;
if ( ch == 'Á' )
A02++;
if ( ch == 'Á' )
A03++;
if ( ch == 'É' )
E01++;
if ( ch == 'Ê' )
E02++;
if ( ch == 'Í' )
I01++;
if ( ch == 'Ó' )
O01++;
if ( ch == 'Õ' )
O02++;
if ( ch == 'Ô' )
O03++;
if ( ch == 'Ú' )
U01++;
if ( ch == 'Ü' )
U02++;
if ( ch == 'ç' )
ced++;
if ( ch == 'Ç' )
ced01++;
if ( ch == ' ' )
et++;
}
totvogmi = ( a + e + i + o + u );
totvogma = ( A + E + I + O + U );
totacet = ( a0 + a01 + a02 + a03 + e01 + e02 + i01 + o01 + o02 + o03 + u01
+ u02 + A0 + A01 + A02 + A03 + E01 + E02 + I01 + O01 + O02 + O03
+ U01 + U02 );
totced = ( ced + ced01 );
totcon = totcar - ( totvogmi + totvogma + totacet + totced );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 50, 7 );
printf ( "vogais a minúsculo =
" );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", a );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 50, 8 );
printf ( "vogais e minúsculo =
" );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", e );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 50, 9 );
printf ( "vogais i minúsculo =
" );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", i );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 50, 10 );
printf ( "vogais o minúsculo =
" );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", o );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 50, 11 );
printf ( "vogais u minúsculo =
" );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", u );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 50, 12 );
printf ( "vogais A maiúsculo =
" );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", A );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 50, 13 );
printf ( "vogais E maiúsculo =
" );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", E );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 50, 14 );
printf ( "vogais I maiúsculo =
" );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", I );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 50, 15 );
printf ( "vogais O maiúsculo =
" );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", O );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 50, 16 );
printf ( "vogais U maiúsculo =
" );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", U );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 50, 17 );
printf ( "total de espaços = " );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", et );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 50, 18 );
printf ( "Cedilhas minúscula =
" );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", ced );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 50, 19 );
printf ( "Cedilhas maiúscula =
" );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", ced01 );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 5, 19 );
printf ( "Todas consoantes = " );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", totcon );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 5, 20 );
printf ( "vogais minúscula = " );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", totvogmi );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 5, 21 );
printf ( "vogais maiúscula = " );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", totvogma );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 5, 22 );
printf ( "Todos acentuados = " );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", totacet );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 5, 23 );
printf ( "Todos as cedilhas = " );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", totced );
textcolor ( BLACK );
gotoxy ( 50, 21 );
printf ( "Todos Caracteres = " );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
printf ( "%d", totcar );
Sleep ( 1800 );
textcolor ( LIGHTRED );
gotoxy ( 50, 23 );
printf ( "MUITO OBRIGADO" );
getche ( );
return ( 0 );
}
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